The Nitrogen Family Elements at a Glance

Author: Kathryn Lane
Source: ezinearticles.com

Suggestions on how to treat age spots are easy to come by.

There are prescription chemicals that help by irritating the skin, peeling it away. The skin might well be sore and will definitely get dry and sensitive. Especially, it will be super-sensitive to any sunshine.

Not many of us like the idea of having age spots removed surgically, but that will certainly work, too.

If you’re thinking there must be a better way, you are correct.

There is a natural substance that fades those annoying spots while it actually soothes and nourishes the skin, rather than irritating. Its skin-whitening ability was actually discovered by accident while German scientists were studying its ability to nourish the skin, in fact.

This skin care ingredient is an extract of the root of a plant called nutgrass, native to India. It’s a natural way to whiten your skin without any harmful side effects — making your skin look younger. It works on freckles, too.

It does all this by blocking the natural skin darkening pigment, melanin. Melanin is the source of the color in all dark spots on the skin, in freckles and moles. In fact, when the skin gets a tan, that happens by an overall production of melanin in the skin, darkening the overall skin color tone.

In a clinical trial, at a concentration of less than 1 percent as a skin care ingredient, the nutgrass root extract suppressed melanin production by more than 40 percent. And it showed promising anti-aging effects in the same testing regime, with no side effects reported.

It’s been trademarked by the name Extrapone Nutgrass Root.

So the gentle and natural way to deal with age spots is the best, in my opinion. You’ll see more detail on my website about skin nourishment and how to treat age spots.

Kathryn Lane is a longtime health and nutrition researcher. The best skincare products she has found have never been the most expensive or the most heavily advertised. Her website names them: http://www.health-and-skin-site.com/

Author: Linda Fournier
Source: articleage.com

First and foremost I want to start by emphasizing that it can take quite a while to get rid of discoloration! It can take months to years! You will have to be patient and consistent!
Ingredients that will help fade spots include Vitamin A, Kinetin, AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acids), Azelic Acid, Kojic Acid, Vitamin C, Mulberry Extracts, Saxifrage Extracts, Algae, Licorice Root and so on…. and of course Hydroquinone (a synthetic skin lightening ingredient)available in strength of 2% OR 4% . Each ingredient has its strengths and weaknesses.
The most widely used and frequently prescribed ingredient is hydroquinone though contreversial. Hydroquinone is stronger than ingredients such as vitamin C and the ones listed above so works quicker. Hydroquinone is a more agressive and fastest way to treat discoloration and for some too strong so alternative products (above) may be for you. Do not abuse or overuse hydroquinone because it can eventually lead to skin lightening called hypopigmentation.(white spots) . If you chose hydroquinone, limit its use to four to six months and stop using the product once the desired result is achieved, making sure to use sunscreen when you are outside or they will return.
I prefer going the natural way with antioxidants and ingredients above such as AHA, retinol, kojic acid and so on. But you do what feels right for you!
It is normal for the skin to get worse before it gets better. Pigmentation that can not be seen with the naked eye during the treatment may be pulled to the surface as will other impurities in the skin so making it seem that your spots are getting worst or that you have more of them but keep it up and the skin will start to improve shortly thereafter.
The topical synthetic lightening treatments will lighten quickly but will not permanently alleviate the problem, every time one is exposed to UV radiation, the pigmentation will return – the cells will turn darker with each exposure…… that is why I prefer the more natural way…. meaning the use of natural extracts such as mulberry which you can find in Dr. Renaud celeste serum and other vitamins mentionned above which you can find in Dr. Renaud Pro-Retinol Serum, Pure serum, Bio-Lift Vitamin A cream and so on……, you can visit my website for more information on these products. I like rotating the serums… I beleive that natural ingredients get to the source of the problem wich are clustered melanocytes instead of a temporary solution as many synthetic ingredients do – while this approach does not lighten quickly but will have long term lasting effect by blocking the skin’s reaction to the sun and prevent hyperpigment with future sun exposure – however minimal that exposure is. It is a good idea to start of the treatment with exfoliation, peelings and facials if possible…. it will work quicker…. but please be patient – the results will vary from person to person depending on the damage, age, your skin’s metabolic rate. Some will see results right away and then will stall and see no progress but don’t give up this is a natural occurance….. – the dermis varies in depth from person to person….
Hyperpigmentation results when the melanocytes produce too much melanin, usually from too much sun exposure, although pregnancy, hormones, birth control pills, trauma to the skin by overusing certain products or getting agressive peels, from acne, picking your face, products containing fragrance or perfumes can also cause hyperpigmentation. Hydroquinone and other lightening products work by breaking up the melanin, until it is too small to be seen with the naked eye. It is then brought to the surface of the skin and sloughed off.
Discoloration can also be produced as a way of the skin protecting itself!!!!!!! I beleive if you heal the skin with natural products then wonderful things will happen to your skin…..
During pregnancy many changes may occur to our skins – some my develop acneic skin – some discolorations called pregnancy mask… these changes are natural due to the hormonal changes occuring in the body…. I suggest that you take care of your skin by doing your regular skincare regimen, use good products and visit your esthetician if this is possible for you and keep your skin healthy which will then minimize these conditions…. postponing more agressive or long term treatment for your discoloration or acne till the baby is born….. During pregnancy is an important time for pampering and taking care of oneself!!!!
L. Fournier

Professional Esthetician,

http://www.ellesestheticstudio.com

Author:
Source: articledashboard.com

Hair loss and balding is not only a huge and increasing problem for men with male pattern baldness, but it is also unfortunately on the rise for women. Research suggests that there are actually genetic causes for balding, but there are also hormonal imbalances at work, and sometimes even vitamin and mineral deficiencies which only add to and accelerate hair loss and thinning.

Studies do show that if there are people in your immediate family that have experienced hair loss, there is a great likelihood that you will experience the same hair loss and/or thinning by about the same age, or at least in the same vicinity.

Also, if you have certain diseases or ailments, such as Lupus, Hyper or Hypo Thyroidism, you are going to be much more predisposed to experiencing premature hair loss and hair thinning, regardless of your sex. These facts make many people feel hopeless about their “future hair”, and throw their hands up in surrender to their certain fate.

But, what most people don’t realize is that they can help keep the hair they have on their head as well as grow healthy, strong new hair by taking certain vitamins and ensuring they get proper nutrition in the foods they choose to eat on a daily basis.

There are even some advanced supplements on the market that will combine a lot of these ingredients all into one so that you are not popping twelve pills a day simply to get all of them in your diet in adequate amounts without carefully examining every morsel of food you put in your mouth for nutritional content.

The first vitamin is a very common and easily obtained vitamin, and you probably in fact get a little dose of this in your daily multi-vitamin if you take one. It’s vitamin E. Vitamin E has long been touted as a great vitamin for both skin and hair health.

While no research has directly associated vitamin E with actual hair regrowth, many believe that vitamin E plays an integral role in maintaining healthy, soft and shiny hair, as well as supple skin.

Vtiamin E is very plentiful in a lot of American foods, and so a deficiency in the vitamin is relatively uncommon. Certain animal fats contain vitamin E, dark green leafy veggies, milk fat, whole grains, eggs, and other foods are rich in this vitamin, so chances are you are getting adequate amounts.

Vitamin E is also reportedly an antioxidant, but beware, you can over do it on this nutrient if you are taking a supplement. Vitamin E can store in the system and become toxic, so in this case, there is “too much of a good thing”. The food in your diet should suffice, and if you take a vitamin, the amount in the vitamin should be fine. This is also a common vitamin found in many hair health and hair regrowth supplements.

Vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 are another set of B vitamins that are helpful in hair regrowth and maintenance. B6 is really primarily known as an energy sustainer to most of us, but what about what this vitamin can do to help prevent hair loss and sustain hair health and vitality?

Vitamin B6 helps your body produce melanin, which is the natural chemical responsible for creating the pigment in your hair. Not only does B6 help to prevent hair loss from occurring, it also helps your hair to maintain its youthful, healthy color. B12 has demonstrated its abilities to prevent hair loss.

Pantothenic acid is another hair growth aid that you will find in many hair health supplements as well as hair loss supplements, and you may even find this one in topical products for hair loss, meaning shampoos, conditioners, and scalp massage oils or concoctions.

Another name for Pantothenic Acid is vitamin B5, so this is another B vitamin that has been heralded for its hair sustaining qualities, and is worthy of attention if you are concerned about hair loss. This vitamin also helps maintain the color (pigment) in the hair, and can help with premature greying of the hair, so it is also included in quite a few hair health and hair growth supplements.

Niacin, or vitamin B3, is another B vitamin for hair health. This vitamin reportedly promotes healthy scalp circulation, which can help stimulate the hair follicle and prevent unhealthy follicles, which many times leads to stagnant hair growth (then inevitably, hair loss).

Healthy scalp circulation is important to maintaining a healthy, vibrant head of hair, so you may also want to buy a scalp massage oil. I found one that is excellent by an herbal company called Jason in my local natural foods store. There are other ones that are great as well, that not only help to make your scalp healthier, but also really make your head feel clean and energized.

All in all, using vitamins and mineral in your quest for healthy, plentiful hair is not something that will show an improvement over night. Most studies show that at least a few months is needed on any type of natural hair regrowth supplement or a self made vitamin regimen to see the results. So, just have patience, and your nutritional plan to beat hair loss should yield some very pleasant results.

Author: David Chandler
Source: articleage.com

When you have made the decision to rid yourself of unwanted
hairs there are two choices to consider electrolysis and laser.
As with electrolysis, cases of scarring have been reported, but
these are extremely rare. Compared with electrolysis, laser hair
removal is more precise and much faster. Electrolysis is
intended to be a permanent hair procedure, but much like laser
hair removal, it is not guaranteed to be 100% effective. Prior
to laser technology, the only options for removing unwanted hair
were smelly hair removal creams, sharp razors, stinging wax or
painful electrolysis needles. In fact, laser technology is
already eliminating the need for these traditional methods.

Almost anybody who has undesirable hair is a candidate for laser
hair removal. Both men and women have found laser technology
beneficial for hair removal. A common area where laser hair
removal is used is the face, chin, and upper lip on women.
Another area to receive laser hair removal for women is the
legs.

For laser hair removal to work, the light energy is selectively
absorbed by highly pigmented hair fibers and hair follicles. So,
less laser energy is required to remove upper lip hair than for
pubic hair. Several wavelengths of laser energy have been used
for hair removal, from visible light to near infrared radiation.
In facial hair removal, a low energy laser beam is directed
towards a group of hair follicles.

Current laser hair removal techniques use wavelengths of light
that target melanin, the pigment that determines color of both
hair and skin. The level of pain depends on the patient and the
person’s skin and hair type. The presence of a suntan makes hair
removal less effective and increases the likelihood of scarring
or skin injury. As such, skin color must be taken into
consideration. The risks can include skin discoloration,
swelling, and infection. Generally, patients with dark hairs and
fair skin respond best to laser hair removal.

While laser hair removal is an excellent treatment option,
research efforts continue to enhance the procedure. The diode
laser has a longer wavelength than other lasers used for hair
removal, which may improve treatment results on darker skin
types. The most common side effects are edema and erythema,
which generally resolve within 24 hours after treatment.

Though it is relatively painless, you may experience a bit of
discomfort from the procedure. While it is a minimally invasive
procedure, the procedure is not totally free from risks.
Fortunately, the complications are rare if an experienced and
skilled physician does it. When done properly, the procedure can
be performed quickly and comfortably during an outpatient visit.

Get ready to experience the hassle-free world of hair removal
with laser technology. However, when selecting the facility to
perform you hair removal, ask them about their experience and
any other concerns you may have. In addition, laser hair removal
is not necessarily permanent; most people will experience some
regrowth within a year.

Author: Marc Hardey
Source: isnare.com

Once upon a time, you had no need for furniture. You sat before campfires with friends and family and debated how best to cook that mammoth you caught. However, as you moved from cave to huts, and eventually into apartments and even Park Avenue co-ops, you discovered the wonders of furniture. The murals discovered at Pompeii, the sculptures excavated in Egypt, and the shards of objects from tombs in Ghiordes all point to one incontrovertible fact: humankind cannot live with an empty house alone. So, you buy truckloads of furniture – armoires, dining tables, couches, and yes, brown leather bar stools.

In recent years, brown leather bar stools have experienced a surge in popularity. Not only are they great space-savers, they are also highly moveable and trendy. With brown leather bar stools instead of a chunky couch or divan, you can change your living room’s look any time you want.

The best thing about brown leather bar stools is the material its made of. Where look and style are concerned, leather furniture is royalty. It makes you room appear elegant and classy simply because it’s there.

Leather Factory

Leather comes from all over the world, but furniture leather, in particular, is brought to our homes from the tanneries in South American, Germany, and Italy. Those brown leather bar stools hogging the limelight in your kitchen went through a four-step process. To make the transition from rawhide to finished ready-to-upholster leather, your brown leather bar stools went through processes known as splitting, tanning, coloring, and finishing.

From Hide to Home

Finish is a very important step in the creation of brown leather bar stools. From hide to upholstery, every tanned hide has to be “finished.” Finishing is responsible for giving leather its inimitable appearance and texture. In general, brown leather bar stools, and any leather furniture for that matter, have the following finish:

Pigment: This is the most durable, stain-resistant furniture finish. It is cool to the touch, and has a protective opaque color, which covers the grain with consistency.

Aniline: This is less stain-resistant than pigment. However, it leaves the hide more pliable and warmer to the touch. Moreover, you can see the natural surface grain and markings on your leather.

Semi-aniline: This is a hybrid of aniline and pigment. The result is a finish that has uniformity of color, is resistant to stain, and is soft to touch.

Color Conundrum

Many homeowners agonize over their choice of leather color. Here’s the rule of thumb when it comes to leather pigments. The heavier the pigment and the more corrected the grain, the easier it is to care for your leather. Brown leather bar stools are a perfect example of furniture with heavy pigment. They can hide dirt, stains, and aging far better than white leather, for example.

Questioning Quality

Good leather is no different from its owner. It bears the tell-tale signs of a life well lived. In other furniture, nicks and wrinkles are a no-no. In leather, however, natural marks such as veining, wrinkling, grain differences, and healed scars, are highly valued because they prove the leather is genuine and has survived for a long time. So, don’t be horrified by the natural marks on your brown leather bar stools. Each wrinkle increases the leather’s value.

There is no doubt furniture will always be a part of human existence. It’s everywhere, from parks to rest rooms. Brown leather bar stools, in particular, let us sit in comfort and high style.

Author: Ann woods
Source: articledashboard.com

OEM INK CARTRIDGES

OEM or original equipment manufacturer ink cartridge is the one which has the brand name of the manufacturer on it. The brand name generally is the same as the printer manufacturer as Epson, Canon, Hewlett Packard, Lexmark, Brother Etc.

COMPATIBLE INK CARTRIDGES

As the name suggests these are not original ink cartridges but are unbranded cartridges compatible to the printer needs. These compatible inkjet cartridges meet or exceed OEM specifications.100% brand new, they yield excellent output and allow for big savings over branded printer ink, inkjet cartridge, laser toner and toner cartridge.
There are a large number of manufacturers of this product whose quality varies according to the ink used but generally they are reliable and work as well as the branded cartridges.

REMANUFACTURED INK CARTRIDGES

Remanufactured ink cartridges are refurbished used oem or compatible printer ink cartridges. Manufacturer’s break down used inkjet cartridge, clean it and put it back together to be refilled. This is then reintroduced for sale in the market as recycled printer ink cartridge.
Therefore basically it is a cartridge, which has been refilled with ink. This can be done with ink refills yourself or by the manufacturer. Primarily remanufactured ink cartridges are available only for Hewlett Packard, Lexmark and some Canon printers. But people choose to refill their own ink as refill stations are readily available.

Our aim, while using a printer is to get the best quality results at the minimum costs possible. Printing costs can be cut down on consumables as ink and paper. Branded cartridges come at a superb price. The prices of compatible or refilled cartridges lead to real cost savings in your printing costs. While manufacturers encourage the use of their own brand consumables, compatible cartridges are available for most printers that are carefully engineered and designed.

INK FOR REFILLS

As for the ink refill kits, they reduce the cost a plenty. To get quality results, choose between which inks to refill. There are two different types of inks that are used in inkjet printers: Dye based and Pigmented. Dye based inks have high brilliance and wide color range but are not quick drying. Also they are not light fast or water fast.
The pigmented inks on the other hand are fast drying, fade resistant and water proof. While taking out monochrome prints, dye based ink is better suited. For color printing, pigmented inks are used as due to different inks being mixed, quick drying is preferred to avoid blurring.

To conclude, it is important to research a little about your requirements and check the options available. Whatever is the technology applied to your printer hardware, finally it is ink on paper.

Author: Carly Pope
Source: articledashboard.com

The human eye is able to distinguish up to 10,000,000 colours. All of these colours derive from two main types of light mixture, either additive or subtractive.

Additive colours

Additive colours occur when beams of light are combined and parts of the spectrum are mixed. It is used mainly to produce coloured images on television screens, for quick stage scenic changes in the theatre and in colour printing.

The three additive primaries are red, blue and green, and when additively mixed, in varying amounts, all other colours can be produced. When combined together, all three primaries make white light.

Adding two primary colours together makes the secondary colours, to produce:

Red and blue = magenta
Red and green = yellow
Blue and green = cyan

The process of additive colour mixing can be demonstrated using three slide projectors, each fitted with filters. One projector throws red light onto a white screen and then blue light and finally green light is added. Additive mixing occurs where the beams overlap. If the red and green beams overlap, yellow is produced. If more red light is added or the intensity of the green light is decreased, the mixture will become orange.

An additive effect can also be achieved by the use of subtractive colours. For example, if minute red and green dots are placed extremely close together, i.e. on a television screen, then the human eye, to give the impression of yellow mixes the reflected rays of red and green light.

Subtractive colours

The subtractive process produces colours that are naturally occurring. These react to the light in three different ways: -

? They can absorb some of the light rays from white light and reflect the remainder. The reflected light is the colour we see.

? They can subtract all the light rays; we perceive this as black.

? They can reflect all the light rays; we perceive this as white.

Subtraction entails the removal or absorption of spectral components and occurs when colorants (in the forms of pigments and dyes etc.) are mixed.

The subtractive primary colours are red, yellow and blue, and when mixed together, in specific proportions, all other colours can be produced. When all three primaries are combined, the colour black is produced.

The secondary colours are made by combining the primaries together, whilst reflecting and subtracting the light. This produces: -

Red and yellow = orange
Red and blue = purple
Blue and yellow = green

The subtractive process can be demonstrated when several coloured filters are inserted into a single beam of white light, e.g. a projector is fitted with a red filter, and it transmits red light and absorbs all other colours. If it is fitted with a green filter, then red is absorbed, as are all other colours and only green is transmitted. If however, the projector was fitted with a red and a green filter (yellow and blue), all colours would be absorbed and no light transmitted. This would result in the colour of black.

Similarly, a yellow pigment will absorb blue, whilst reflecting yellow, green and red light (they combine to produce yellow), whilst blue will absorb mainly red light and red will absorb mainly green light.

The additive primaries of red, green and blue, apply to coloured light, whilst the subtractive primary colours, favoured by artists, of red, yellow and blue, apply to pigments.

Author: Stuart Simpson
Source: isnare.com

Everyone knows that redhead sunburn easier. But do they get skin cancer easier? New research indicates that the pigment in their skin may instigate cancer even if they don’t suffer from sunburns. As you may have heard, getting sunburns in childhood is a risk factor for skin cancer, even later in life.

Who is prone to sunburn? Of course if you have light colored eyes, hair and skin, you are at higher risk. This combination is frequent among redheads. Redheads have a different type of melanin than people with dark hair. Blondes even carry some of the same pigments as redheads.

Duke University said that the melanin in redheads is more vulnerable to damage from the sun’s UV rays. Redheads, under exposure to the sun, developed a reaction of oxidative stress. This is where damage to DNA and cells may occur and over time, form cancer. Research used UVA and UVB rays for testing. UVA can cause damage without burning.

Sunscreens protect against UVB, but its not been shown to help against UVA. Sure, some protection is there, but the FDA will need to set guidelines for consumers. It all boils down to this: wear sunscreen and put it on your kids.

Here’s what you do:

Apply plenty of sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher and reapply every 2 hours or as indicated on the bottle.

Reapply after swimming, sweating, even drying with a towel.

Apply even during cloudy days.

Avoid the sun in the middle of the day. 10 and 4 is indoor time.

Wear a hat, clothing and sunglasses.

Take care of the kids. Overexposure early in life may lead to skin cancers later in life.

Even so, the FDA has a warning label:

“Warning -This product does not contain a sunscreen and does not protect against sunburn. Repeated exposure of unprotected skin while tanning may increase the risk of skin aging, skin cancer, and other harmful effects to the skin even if you do not burn.”

Author: Neil J. Francis
Source: ezinearticles.com

Many people assume that once a tattoo is made, it stays forever. It is rather true, but over the years, the vibrancy, color, brightness and attractiveness of a tattoo may fade due to reasons like natural aging process of the body, use of low quality inks, aftercare, and exposure to sun etc. This article gives you a few tips to retain your colorful and attractive tattoo from fading. It requires only a little effort but it is worth.

Quality of the tattoo

Placement of a tattoo in your body and the inks used decide its quality. The pigments in the ink penetrate into the middle layer if skin. If the tattoo ink remains near the upper layer of skin, the pigments gradually wears off as the skin’s topmost layer sheds its dead skin cells constantly and new cells take their place. With the pigments slowly wearing off, the brightness will diminish and the attractiveness is lost. Therefore, it is advised to get a tattoo done by an experienced tattoo artist. An experienced person will have complete knowledge of how to place the ink enough deep into the skin. Experienced artists may charge a little higher, but it is worth as the tattoo stays for a lifetime. There are many tattoo fraternities, which will help you find a good tattoo artist or parlor.

Aftercare for a new tattoo

Once the tattoo is designed on the skin, the care that should be taken for the next few weeks is very crucial as it decides its fading nature. The skin area where the tattoo is placed must not be scratched, as it may pull up some of the ink’s pigments. The area must be properly moisturized with aftercare lotions and ointments for the first two weeks. Cleanliness is very important to protect yourself from any possible infection.

Avoid exposure to sun

Sun’s ultraviolet rays are powerful and they can break down the color pigments in the tattoo ink. Whenever you go out in the sun, sunscreen should be applied to your tattoo, irrespective of if it is a sunny or a cloudy day. This helps you in protecting your skin from premature aging. A sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 30 must be used.

Color of tattoo ink

Choice of proper color determines the fading of a tattoo. The pigments used in the inks must be stable. Common stable colors are black and blue, while colors based on red pigments such as orange, yellow, magenta and purple require more maintenance as they are prone to fading. Remember this while deciding your tattoo colors.

Following healthy habits

One cannot stop the natural aging process of skin as it degenerates gradually. However, you can delay the aging process by following some healthier habits. Supply of essential minerals, vitamins and antioxidants help your skin to remain youthful. Smoking and drinking can cause irreversible damage to healthy skin cells.

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Author: john
Source: articledashboard.com

Ink is artlessly a dye or colorant in aqueous that is acclimated to mark a surface. Without ink aboriginal flesh would not accept been able to aftermath abiding accounting texts. It is said that the Chinese developed autograph inks aboriginal to befoul the surfaces of carvings, and it was a admixture of charcoal from ache smoke, lamp oil, and gelatin from beastly banknote and musk. Inks accept aswell been fabricated using the atramentous ‘ink’ that some sea creatures aftermath to abash enemies. Assorted cultures eventually developed their own until now we accept inks of assorted types, uses and colors. Romans acclimated soot, cement and water, while medieval Europe acclimated a circuitous action to abscess up bark, dry it and alkali it and mix it with wine to accomplish ink.

The inks that are generally begin on printed cardboard are bistered inks, which attach to the apparent of the paper. They accordingly cannot be removed by chafe and because they break on the apparent beneath ink is required.

Dyes are acclimated in ink to accommodate abundant bigger blush control. With dyes the body of the dye can be adapted to get altered intensities. They are rarely acclimated in cardboard press because they absorb in and tend to drain out as able-bodied as getting beneath efficient. This can be baffled using quick dehydration solvents alloyed into the ink or quick dehydration techniques such as draft drying. Some printers covering the cardboard with a actuality to accomplish the ink attach to it, or allegation the blanket so that the ink, with an adverse charge, is admiring to the coating.

Without ink we would still be abstraction letters into stone, or authoritative simple paintings on cavern walls. Ink is the arch amid writing, one of man’s greatest inventions, and acceleration and efficiency. With ink we get mobility, array of forms, and it has never become anachronistic as it is still acclimated in press presses, computer printers and pens.